Abstarct: In this research, the hydromextallurgical extraction of lead from Bandar-Abbas Zinc plant leaching residue was investigated by applying response surface methodology. The extraction process of lead was carried out in two steps including brine leaching of the residue and then the cementation with aluminum powder. To investigate the effects of influential factors on the leaching recovery and cementation efficiency of lead, two quadratic mathematical models with R2 of 0.9058 and 0.9463 were developed and fitted to the experimental data. The ANOVA and 3D response surface graphs demonstrated that both brine leaching and cementation processes are significantly dependent on the interactive effects between factors. It was found that the interactive effects of liquid to solid ratio with NaCl concentration, temperature and stirring rate, quadratic effect of NaCl concentration and linear effect of stirring rate had the largest degree of influence on the leaching recovery. It was also distinguished that the most effective factors on the cementation efficiency were the linear effect of Al:Pb molar ratio, cementation time and temperature and the quadratic effect of agitation speed, respectively. In addition, process optimization was carried out by desirability function approach and the most leaching recovery of lead (77.14%) was achieved at 400 g/L NaCl concentration, 10 mL/g liquid/solid ratio, 300 rpm stirring rate, 50 °C temperature, and 60 min leaching time. Also, the highest cementation efficiency (74.97%) was determined at 1.5 Al:Pb molar (stoichiometry) ratio, ~420 rpm agitation rate, 50 °C temperature and 75 min cementation time.