Abstarct: New techniques are frequently applied to develop exploration and production of unknown hydrocarbon resources regarding increasingly quest of industry for hydrocarbon sources. In recent years, many researchers focused on the shale gas due to decrease of oil reserves and high prices of hydrocarbon in world markets. With the purpose of arranging, the research is divided into two parts: in the first part, widely studied unconventional hydrocarbon resources to achieve a complete source of information about these new and important resources. Also, have been tried the most complete source of information about these resources in Iran being collect. In the second part, baxsed on analysis of available information also geologic characters of oil fields of Lurestan Basin, have been determined the TOC, maturity, depth of achieve to the goal formations and possible formation for existence gas shales in this basin. At first, important geochemical parameters of shales resources have been determined and further, significant shale formations of Lurestan basins contain: Pabdeh, Kazhdumi, Sargelu and Garau have been investigated. In this research, discriminant analysis and their simple graphical method, used for the purpose of evaluation and discrimination of good potential and without potential samples. For this purpose, significant geochemical parameters that have critical effect on gas shales, like TOC, maturity and hydrogen index in these formations compared and quite different between Garau and Sargelu with Pabdeh was observed. Pabdeh formation is almost immature and Garau and Sargelu formations are into the wet gas and condensate window. Also, with respect of other parameters, Garau formation selected as a good potential population, and Pabdeh formation selected as a without potential population for determining the discriminant factor. Then, discriminant analysis was calculated by using the average of geochemical parameters and the best discriminant factor with the highest ability to discriminant was obtained. Result of this research shows that lower part of Garau formation and the top of Sargelu Formation in the Lurestan basin; generally have primary condition for containing gas shales resources.