Abstarct: In confined spaces such as coal mine tunnels, early combustion of coal dust can lead to fatal explosions in underground coal mines. Therefore, the importance of predicting the explosion index in estimating the severity of coal dust explosion led to the investigation of the factors affecting coal explosion and its intrinsic properties on the coal explosion index, as the aim of this study. For this purpose, 32 coal dust samples from different mines of the country were tested and experiments were conducted to determine the content of moisture content, ash content, volatiles and carbon footprint to investigate the effect of intrinsic characteristics of coal dust on the explosion index. On the other hand, a constant volume combustion system was used to test the combustion and explosion parameters of the samples under study. Finally, the explosive parameters of coal such as maximum explosion pressure, maximum pressure rise rate and finally explosion index were measured and recorded. Then, the parameters affecting coal explosion were investigated. After determining the most important parameters and examining the correlation between them, the predictive equations of the explosion index were presented using linear and non-linear regression. These relationships between the uncorrelated variables and considering the intrinsic properties of coal dust were presented. Finally, four criteria of determination coefficient, root mean square error, performance index and mean absolute error percentage were used to select the best model. Then, after determining the best relationship between the measured and predicted values, the best relationship was made baxsed on the test data. Finally, after determining the most appropriate relationship with sensitivity analysis, fixed carbon and volatiles were identified as the most effective variables to predict the explosion index of coal dust samples.