Abstarct: Nanofuel obtains from the addition of nanoparticles to liquid fuels which is a new concept that has attracted much attention in a field of combustion systems. This laboratory research aims to examine the effect of adding aluminum oxide and iron nanoparticles to diesel fuel at dilute concentrations on combustion performance and emissions of a liquid fuel burner. For this purpose, the nanoparticles are first added to the diesel fuel at dilute concentrations (0.025% and 0.05% by weight) and then mixed. Nanofuel is then introduced into the liquid fuel burner, and the thermal radiation and flame temperature and emission of pollutants are measured at the output of the furnace test. The results obtained for the nanofuel flame containing aluminum oxide nanoparticles are different from the nanofuel flame containing iron nanoparticles. The results obtained for aluminum oxide nanofuel are including a slight increase in thermal radiation (10%), a decrease in flame temperature (2%), an increase in the concentration of CO in pollutants (25%), and a decrease in the concentration of Nox (10%) in the output. But the results for iron nanofuel show a higher increase in thermal radiation (23%), an increase in flame temperature (5%), and a reduction in the concentration of CO (45%) and Nox (12%) in the outlet.