Abstarct: During the COVID-19 pandemic, countries around the world undertook extensive measures to bring students back to universities after several months of closure. This was particularly important as classrooms are considered essential environments for the academic, social, and intellectual development of individuals. In this context, the present study focuses on modeling the dispersion and behavior of virus‑carrying respiratory particles in a specific classroom at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Semnan University of Technology. In this study, it is assumed that the source of respiratory particle emission is a person located at the front of the classroom, representing the typical position of an instructor or presenter. The dispersion pattern of cough‑generated particles was examined through numerical simulations performed in ANSYS Fluent, employing the Eulerian frxamework for airflow modeling and the Lagrangian frxamework for particle tracking. The study concentrated on analyzing particle behavior under various ventilation conditions and in scenarios where the door and windows were either open or closed, with particular emphasis on particle travel distance and spatial dispersion. Simulation results revealed that ventilation conditions and the state of door and window openings have a significant influence on the dispersion and forward movement of respiratory particles within the classroom. In the scenario where both the door and windows were closed, the maximum particle travel distance along the longitudinal direction of the room remained nearly constant at approximately 2.11 meters. However, when the door and windows were open and natural airflow was established, particle transport toward the exit was enhanced. Moreover, low‑speed mechanical ventilation was found to be more effective than high‑speed ventilation in guiding particles in a controlled manner toward the exit, with the maximum particle travel distance toward the windows recorded at 4.44 meters in this mode. Overall, the findings of this study indicate that an appropriate combination of mechanical ventilation and natural airflow can play a crucial role in reducing the accumulation of airborne particles and improving indoor air quality in educational environments.