Abstarct: Abstract This study aimed to assess the water quality indicators of the Euphrates River in Iraq. The Euphrates River is one of the most important surface water resources in the region and plays a vital role in providing drinking water, agriculture, and industrial activities. In this study, physical, chemical, and biological water quality parameters including temperature, pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, salinity, dissolved solids, and some pollutants were investigated. Sampling was conducted from several stations along the river and the results were compared with international water quality standards. The findings showed that the water quality of the river in some areas has been affected by human activities such as urban sewage, agriculture, and industrial effluents. However, the level of pollution in some parts of the river is within acceptable limits.This research emphasizes the importance of continuous monitoring of water quality and implementation of management programs to reduce pollution and protect water resources.