Abstarct: Abstract Due to the seismic nature of most regions in Iran and the effect of earthquake lateral forces on buildings, one of the important aspects of optimal structural design is to increase the ratio of resistance to the weight of the building. The use of lighter materials and modern construction systems, such as lightweight concrete and precast panels, not only reduces earthquake forces but also speeds up construction and provides economic savings. In this thesis, lightweight precast concrete panels are examined as non-structural interior and exterior walls. This research falls into two categories: technology of concrete, and the structural behavior of wall panels made from lightweight concrete. Compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile, and shrinkage tests were conducted in the technology of concrete category. In the structural behavior category, the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced lightweight precast concrete panels were studied experimentally, confirming their suitability for use in the construction of non-structural wall elements as precast. Six flexural tests were performed on six panels individually, four impact tests including soft and hard body impacts, nail penetration tests, and three cyclic loading tests on single-mesh and double-mesh panels with or without cement and gypsum coatings were conducted. The results of this research indicated that precast lightweight concrete panels, while exhibiting suitable flexural behavior against gravitational and lateral loads, have sufficient resistance and can be effectively used as efficient materials in structures. The flexural test results showed that most panels cracked from the L/4 to 3L/4 region, and failure occurred in this area. The maximum load sustained by single-mesh panels was approximately 390 to 640 kg, by double-mesh panels around 760 to 780 kg, and by double-mesh panels lightened with foam tubes about 620 to 890 kg. In the hard body impact test, no severe failure or indentation was observed in single-mesh and double-mesh panels, which were capable of withstanding 20 N•m of energy. However, in the soft body impact test, failure occurred in the middle region of the single-mesh panels, while only minor cracks were observed in the same region of the double-mesh panels, which could withstand 500 N•m of energy. In the nail penetration test, aimed at determining the load-bearing capacity and the bending stress created by consoles and installations mounted on the wall with bolted connections, the displacement of the wall out of plane was within hundredths of a millimeter, and no failure in the bolts and connections was observed under a load of 400 kg. In the cyclic loading test, most cracks occurred in the middle region of the wall, and no failure was observed in the wall and its connections. Furthermore, the integrity of the wall was completely maintained up to a drift of 2 percent. The single-mesh and double-mesh walls with cement and gypsum coatings the