Abstarct: Aerogels are high porous structures with low density and acceptable specific surface area which are able to use as nano composite structures through high porosity. Drying without intense shrinkage and destruction of structure has made this step of aerogels manufacturing to one of the most important steps. The aim of this study is introducing a novel drying method at ambient pressure to produce novel cellulose aerogel, investigating the oil and organic solvents separation from water via hydrophobic cellulose and carbon aerogels and investigating the adsorption mechanism of two cationic and anionic dyes dissolved in aqueous solution by nano composite aerogel. The proposed drying method in this study is baxsed on naphthalene crystals sublimation which are placed between cellulose fibers as porous-making agent. The novel cellulose aerogels manufactured in this study have very high porosity (%96.5), very low density (0.058 g.cm-3), minimum shrinkage (about %10), very low thermal conductivity and very high flexibility under compression. Carbon aerogel was manufactured via carbonization of cellulose aerogel. Optimization of carbonization temperature, retention time and rate of temperature increasing showed that in optimal conditions including: 900 °C, 120 minute and 5 °C.min-1 respectively, the best carbon aerogels in terms of density, shrinkage and electrical conductivity can be achieved. Porosity of optimized carbon aerogel was %98.2. Results showed remarkable removal of different oils and organic solutions by carbon and cellulose aerogels. Results also demonstrated that after five times repeat both carbon and hydrophobic cellulose aerogels have proper regeneration capacity. Manufacturing of cellulose/ reduced graphene oxide nano composite aerogel fulfilled via novel drying method and removal of two dye pollutants include crystal violet and methyl orange as cationic and anionic dyes from aqueous solution by this absorbent was studied. Results showed more than %90 removal of these two dye pollutants in optimized condition. Adsorption isotherm models investigation specified that adsorption process of both dye pollutants via nano composite aerogel follows Longmuir isotherm model. Also investigation of adsorption kinetic models showed that, absorption of both dye pollutants follows pseudo first order adsorption kinetic model further more. Study about adsorption mechanism demonstrated that both physical and chemical absorption mechanisms are effective at removal process of two dyes. According to given pHzpc of nano composite aerogel (3.78), results of FTIR analyses before and after the adsorption process and the other results, it is found that electrostatic attraction is one of the most important physical absorption mechanisms involved in absorption process. Also creation of hydrogen bonding and π-π aromatic bonding have been known as the most important chemical absorption involved in removal of both dye pollutants.