Abstarct: Turquoise mines of Neyshabur and Baghou are parts of the structural zone of Eastern Alborz and Thoroud-Chah Shirin magmatic belt, respectively. Neyshabur turquoise mine is located in binalood zone and has outcrops of Eocene volcanic and pyroclastic rocks combining andesite, trachy-andsite, dacite, trachyte, porphyritic andesite-basalt, volcanic breccia, lithic tuff and crystalline tuff. These rocks have been affected by propylitic, argillic, silicic, carbonatic and jarocitic alterations. Mineralization in this area is divided into endogenous (pyrite, Chalcopyrite and oligist) and exogenous parts (turquoise, chalcocite, malachite, azurite, chrysocolla, hematite, goethite, manganese and limonite) by vein-veinlet, breccia, disseminate and open-space filling textures. The Turquoise Baghou mine is located in the northern part of central Iran. The rocks of this region are often lava and pyroclastic that have been cut off by Eocene-Oligocene intrusive plutons (granite, granodiorite and quartz diorite and quartz monzodiorite). These units have been suffered propylitic, argillic, tourmaline, chlorite and silica alterations. Mineralization in baghou area is divided into endogenous (pyrite and chalcopyrite) and exogenous (turquoise, malachite, azurite, chrysocolla, hematite, goethite, manganese and limonite) by vein and veinlet and disseminate textures. Turquoise gems in Neyshabur and Baghou mines are secondary and exogenous minerals which are divided into three groups of good, medium and weak in qualities. Raman spectroscopy of these turquoises shows vibrations from water molecule (H2O) and hydroxyl (OH) units, tetrahedron phosphate group (PO4) -3 and mextal hydroxide group such as Cu(OH)2, Fe(OH)3, Al(OH)3. Although various qualities of turquoise have similar bands in Raman spectrums, the ratio of peaks and functional groups (e.g. functional group of phosphates and hydroxide) are different. Turquoise is brittle and porous with low hardness, and is prone to staining and discoloration. In addition it is harder to find quality turquoise. In order to improve the quality of Neyshabur and Baghou turquoises, new methods have been tried baxsed on laboratory works of this thesis. The most important methods are (i) stabilization, (ii) reconstitution, (iii) the use of waxing and oiling, and (iv) polymerization. .