Abstarct: This study addresses the fragmented and inadequately synthesized body of literature on English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in Iraq, a field of growing importance for higher education, professional training, and national development. Despite its relevance, existing research remains limited in scope, largely institution-specific, and lacks a cohesive analytical frxamework, thereby hindering evidence-baxsed decision-making among educators and policymakers. The aim of this systematic review was to consolidate and analyze available research on ESP in Iraq to identify prevailing themes and trends, evaluate challenges related to curriculum design, teacher preparation, and materials development, and offer recommendations for enhancing ESP practices in the country. Adopting a qualitative systematic review methodology, the study collected, screened, and synthesized peer-reviewed journal articles, theses, and dissertations published between 2011 and 2025, sourced from established academic databaxses. Through thematic analysis, the review identified recurrent patterns and gaps in ESP implementation within Iraqi institutions. Key findings reveal persistent issues such as misalignment between curricula and learners' academic-professional needs, insufficient teacher training in ESP pedagogy, and a scarcity of localized teaching materials. The significance of this study lies in providing the first comprehensive synthesis of ESP literature in Iraq, clarifying current strengths and systemic gaps, and offering evidence-baxsed insights to inform curriculum developers, teacher educators, and policymakers. Additionally, this research contributes to the broader field of ESP studies by foregrounding an underrepresented context in international scholarship.