Abstarct: Today, with the expansion of urban spaces with a car-oriented approach, the location of routes to create dynamism and liveliness of urban spaces and to improve environmental qualities in public urban spaces has not been paid attention to. Instead of inviting people to socialize, environments encourage them to escape and as a result of the experience of dealing with others, the sense of belonging to the community and social capital are not properly available in human needs. Urban areas play a very important role in reviving and preventing the destruction of cities. For this reason, according to the close relationship between the spatial physical structure and the social capital of the neighborhoods, the main goal of this research is to identify and measure the pedestrian components related to the improvement of the residents' social capital through walking in two new and old neighborhoods in Isfahan city. The approach of this research is quantitative and its method is descxriptive-analytical. The study area of this research is two neighborhoods in the city of Isfahan, and the statistical population of this study includes the residents of these two areas, who have been evaluated on a quota basis, and the final sample size was 291 people. Data collection was done by questionnaire method. Through alpha and omega coefficients and factor analysis, the reliability of the questionnaire was used and confirmed. The content validity of the construct was confirmed by experts and the construct validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by factor analysis. Descxriptive statistical methods and inferential statistical methods including principal component analysis (exploratory), first and second order confirmatory factor analysis and complete structural equation modeling were used for data analysis. The softwares used were SPSS23 and AMOS24. Principal component analysis was performed on the pedestrian variable, and security, access and mixing of users, beauty and readability were identified as independent variables. Walking and social capital were also included as dependent variables. The research results showed that the variable of beauty and readability has a positive and significant effect on social capital, and the component of access and mix of uses and beauty and readability has a positive and significant effect on walking. In addition, walking also has a positive and significant effect on social capital. By examining the demographic variables, it was found that gender has a negative and significant effect on social capital, and also marital status and length of life have a positive and significant effect on social capital. Gender has a negative and significant effect on walking, and having a personal car also has a positive and significant effect on walking. According to the results of the research, strategies have been proposed to improve the promotion of social capital in the two studied areas.