Abstarct: This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the impact of Green Human Resource Management on employees' low-carbon behavior, considering the mediating roles of green innovation practices and green organizational commitment, as well as the moderating effect of green transformational leadership. The statistical population of the research consisted of 847 employees of the Jihad-e-Agriculture Organization in Tehran Province. A sample size of 265 individuals was selected using cluster random sampling. Data were collected through standardized questionnaires and analyzed using structural equation modeling. The findings from hypothesis testing revealed that Green Human Resource Management has a significant positive impact on green innovation practices, green organizational commitment, and employees' low-carbon behavior. The results also confirmed that both green innovation practices and green organizational commitment separately have a direct positive impact on employees' low-carbon behavior and play a mediating role in the relationship between Green Human Resource Management and low-carbon behavior. Furthermore, the findings indicated that green transformational leadership strengthens the relationship between Green Human Resource Management and low-carbon behavior, acting as a moderating variable. These results suggest that the implementation of Green Human Resource Management practices, coupled with green transformational leadership, can promote low-carbon behaviors among employees by enhancing green innovation and green organizational commitment. By presenting a comprehensive model, this research provides a deeper understanding of the mechanisms influencing pro-environmental behaviors within agricultural sector organizations.