Abstarct: This research aimed to investigate the impact of key factors of strategic human resource management and artificial intelligence on supply chain agility and resilience, considering the moderating role of organizational flexibility in the Golrang Industrial Group. The present study is applied in purpose and descxriptive-survey in method. The statistical population of the research consisted of managers, operational employees, and logistics specialists of the subsidiary companies of Golrang Industrial Group. Using simple random sampling, 360 individuals were selected as the sample. The data collection tool was a standard questionnaire, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed. The results of hypothesis testing showed that all factors of strategic human resource management including leadership, employee skills, organizational culture, competitive intensity, and human capital development—along with artificial intelligence, have a positive and significant impact on supply chain agility. Furthermore, the positive and significant relationship between supply chain agility and its resilience was also confirmed. The moderating role of organizational flexibility in the relationship between supply chain agility and resilience was confirmed as a key finding. These findings are significant because they demonstrate that in today's dynamic business environment, the intelligent combination of human factors and technology can simultaneously enhance an organization's response capability to disruptions. The results of this study are consistent with previous research findings on the importance of human resource management and technology in creating dynamic organizational capabilities. Specifically, confirming the moderating role of organizational flexibility in the agility-resilience relationship complements the existing theoretical perspective. This research suggests that future researchers test the proposed model in other industries and different organizational contexts. Additionally, investigating the role of other mediating variables in this relationship and conducting longitudinal studies to assess the long-term sustainability of the effects of the studied factors can provide valuable research avenues.