Abstarct: Abstract Background and Objectives: Diabetes and associated depression are one of the main cause of the poor quality of life and various diseases. Although it is established that depressed patients with type 2 diabetes can benefit from mextabolic, psychological, and other health benefits of physical activity, yet there has been slight research about effects of exercise on diabetes and its associated depression and possible pathways. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of combined exercise training on basal BDNF levels and depression index in depressed women with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: The study population of the present study included depressed women with type 2 diabetes who were registered at the Shahroud Diabetes Association. Diabetic subject (34 person) were randomly assigned into two groups including Exercise (n=17, 60.6±6.3yrs, 30.2±1.3kg/m2, 161.4±15.1FBS) and control (n=17, 60.6±6.4yrs, 29.9±1.2kg/m2, 169.1±16.1FBS). The training program consisted of 20 minutes of aerobic training on with %50-75 of heart rate reserve and also 40 minutes of resistance training with %50-75 1RM, three sessions per week for 12 weeks. Before and 48h after experimental period blood samples were taken to be analyzed for biochemical indices. ELISA method was used to measure BDNF. Also, the subjects' depression levels were determined by completing the Beck Depression Inventory before and after the training period. The data were analyzed using the statiscal tests of Kolmogrov-smirnov, paired samples t-test and covariate Analysis of Variance at significance level of p < 0.05. Results: body fat percentage and depression index in the exercise group had a significant decrease compared to the pre-test and the control group (P <0.05). In addition, the results showed that the basal levels of BDNF in the exercise group increased significantly compared to the pre-test and also compared to the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion: In general, it seems that combined exercises can reduce depression levels in depressed women with type 2 diabetes, and this by affecting biochemical factors such as BDNF and related factors. However, due to the short period of exercise in the present study and the few research in this regard, these findings need to be validated in the future studied.