Abstarct: Introduction: Virtual reality (vr) as a digital technology can affect the physical and mental performance of students who are currently inactive. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of virtual reality aerobic exercise on anthropometric and psychological factors of female students. Methods: In the present quasi-experimental study, 30 female students in District 9 of Tehran province (age group 10 to 13 years) were divided into three groups: virtual reality aerobic exercise, aerobic exercise and control. The training groups performed eight weeks of aerobic exercise with and without virtual reality glasses at home, during which time the control group did not exercise. Before and after the course, students participated in pre-test and post-test; Which included body composition tests, waist to hip circumference to measure anthropometric indices and Harvard step test was used to measure aerobic capacity. The Sport Motivation and Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale was used to measure psychological parameters. The statistical method used in the present study to analyze the data and test the research hypotheses was analysis of covariance. In order to study the intra-group changes of research variables in the pre-test and post-test stages, correlated t-test was used. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 25 at a significance level of P≤0.05. Results: The findings of the present study showed that eight weeks of aerobic exercise with and without virtual reality glasses reduced body mass index (P = 0.001 and P = 0.005, respectively) and heart rate returned to baxseline (step test). (P = 0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively); This difference was greater in the virtual reality group than in the virtual reality glasses training group. In none of the groups, the waist to hip ratio in the post-test compared to the pre-test did not change significantly. The scale of enjoyment of sports activity (P = 0.001 and P = 0.004, respectively) and sports motivation (P = 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively) had a significant increase in both training groups. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that both training methods decreased anthropometric indices and increased psychological indices and no superiority was observed in any of the training methods.