Abstarct: Macerals are the microscopic elements to be found in the valuable part of coal which consist of there groups Liptinit, Inertinite and Vitritinite. Coal features such as cockability and flotability are baxsed on the type and the amount of macerals forming the coal. This thesis focuses on the maceral groups existing in the coal seams of Alborz Sharqi area and their effectivness on flotation process. The type and the amount of mentioned maceral groups for Alborz Sharqi's coals were recognized initially. Then, flotation experiments were performed according to the coal recognitions in the area. Firstly, K67 and P10 samples and also two other samples named K19 and K59 were mixed together due to their same maceral features next, flotation experiments were carried out on the samples and the correlation between coals flotability and its petrography was studied. For all samples, four parameters including the amount of collector (fuel oil), frother (pine oil), solid percent, and pH were considered in three levels (high, medium, low) and the optimum recovery was predicted by using Taguchi method. Optimum levels were processed by Minitab software for all variables. Results showed that macerals had a key role in flotation process. Experiments showed that Vitrinite had the hightest level of flotability. Inertinite and Exinite were in lower ranks respectively. Furthermore, studies revealed that moisture, ash, and votatile matters affect the flotation recovery negatively. Results of this research can be applied in blending various coals according to maceral groups, feedings the processing plant with the higher percentage of Vitrinite or classification of coal seams by maximum amount of Vitrinite and minimum amount of Liptinite for better operation of the processing plant