Abstarct: The present research comprehensively investigates the relationship between the microflotation of pure single minerals, including chalcopyrite and pyrite, with a uniform size distribution (+53-105 µm) and the flotation of copper ore containing them (D80 = 150 µm) in the presence and absence of micro- and nano-bubbles (MNBs). Ultra-fine bubbles were generated through a cavitation mechanism, and their stability, size, and zeta potential were monitored over a period of 0 to 25 days. Micro-flotation experiments of the pure minerals and flotation of the Ghale-Zari copper ore were conducted using a modified Hallimond tube and a 2.5-liter Denver® flotation cell, respectively, both with and without MNBs. The physicochemical properties of MNBs and the interaction mechanisms between the sodium isopropyl xanthate (SIPX) collector and the pure minerals were evaluated using advanced analytical techniques, including dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM-EDX), UV-visible spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements in the presence and absence of MNBs. Monitoring results indicated that the size of the bubbles increased from 600 nm to 3 µm over 25 days, correlating with an increase in their zeta potential from -2.5 to 0 mV. FESEM and EDS analyses demonstrated that pre-treatment with ultrasound not only reduced the coating of fine particles but also decreased surface oxidation and increased the purity of the pure minerals. Micro-flotation tests revealed that MNBs increased the recovery of chalcopyrite and pyrite by 24.5% and 7%, respectively. Additionally, flotation results for Ghale-Zari copper ore in the presence of MNBs showed a 7% increase in copper recovery. The adsorption behavior of the SIPX collector on the surfaces of chalcopyrite and pyrite at various concentrations (approximately 10 to 160 µM) was examined in the presence and absence of stable MNBs, revealing that the presence of MNBs led to a 73.8% increase in SIPX adsorption on chalcopyrite and a 1.6-fold increase on pyrite, confirming the findings from the micro-flotation tests. The adsorption kinetics for both pure minerals (pyrite and chalcopyrite) in the presence of MNBs followed a second-order kinetic model, while in the absence of MNBs, both first- and second-order models were observed. SIPX adsorption on chalcopyrite and pyrite in the presence of MNBs was identified as a chemical adsorption process.