Abstarct: High temperature superconductors have two characteristics of very low electrical resistance and complete diamagnetism, which has led to the construction of high temperature superconductor cables and their use in power systems. Superconducting cables have features such as limiting the fault current, small volume and weight, and low losses, and can transmit electrical energy up to several times that of a common copper wire with the same diameter. In other words, it can be said that for a certain amount of power, the volume of space required is significantly reduced, and these characteristics have caused the use of these cables in airplanes and electric ships. One of the problems that superconducting cables face is the number of cable laxyers. When the number of cable laxyers increases, the current distributed among the laxyers will be uneven. This condition increases the AC loss in the cable. In addition, increasing the number of cable laxyers will increase its final weight. In order to remove these obstacles, it is necessary to examine the conditions of the cable in terms of structure and the way of using superconductors. One of the best ways to solve these problems is to use optimization methods. In this thesis, the optimization of the superconducting cable structure according to its operating conditions has been discussed. In order to optimize the design of the cable, the particle swarm optimization method has been used. Two scenarios have been considered to check the optimization process, one of which is a single-phase cable and the other is a three-phase cable. The result of the optimization in each scenario has shown that the loss of the studied cable has been greatly reduced after the optimization and the current distribution in different laxyers and phases has become more uniform. In this regard, the results were compared for the conditions before and after optimization. Examining the results has shown that by performing the optimization process, the loss of single-phase superconducting cable per peak voltage of 15 kv has been reduced by about 60%. In the three-phase cable, the losses have been reduced in all laxyers, and its value was around 15% in the highest case.