S637 : Effects of plant growth stimulating biofertilizers and different formulations of trifluralin herbicide on population and biomass of weeds and cumin yield (Cuminum cyminum)
Thesis > Central Library of Shahrood University > Agricultural Engineering > MSc > 2022
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In all agricultural systems, weed control is one of the necessary and well-known measures, because in addition to reducing the quantity, weeds affects the yield quality, the diversity and abundance of pests and beneficial insects, and the cost of harvesting. Thus, in order to investigate the effect of the application of different formulations of trifloralin herbicide and plant growth promoting bacteria on the control of weeds and the growth and yield of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.), a Factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Noqnat farm in Ala village, Semnan city. Experimental factors were including different formulations of trifluralin herbicide in five levels : control (no herbicide application), conventional herbicide formulation, ultrasonic herbicide + zein, herbicide + zein and ultrasonic herbicide as the first factor and biofertilizer including Azetobacter, Azospirillium and Pseudomonas under the Biopharm brand were used in two levels of (non-application) and the application of one liter per hectare as the second factor. The results showed that the maximum height and dry weight of the cumin stem were obtained under the effect of ultrasonicated trifluoralin + zein treatment. The simple effect of herbicide formulation on the chlorophyll a was significant, and the highest amount of this trait was obtained by application of ultrasounded trifluoralin + zein. The results showed that the highest amounts of chlorophyll b, carotenoid and percentage of essential oil were obtained under the influence of ultrasounded trifluoralin + zein in the absence of biofertilizer application. Also, the simple and iteraction effects of the treatments on the number of umbrellas per plant, the number of seeds per umbrella, the weight of 1000 seeds, biological and grain yield were significant. The highest values of the mentioned traits were obtained in the treatment of ultrasounded trifloralin + zein in the conditions of non-application of biofertilizer. The grain yibield of cumin increased by 93.46 percent compared with control by application of ultrasounded trifluoralin + zein in the absence of biofertilizer . Under the conditions of biofertilizer application, ultrasounded trifluoralin + zein had the most negative effect on the bacterial colonization and reduced colonization by 15.4% compared to control. The results showed that the highest density and dry weight of weeds were obtained in the control ( no application of biofertilizer and herbicide) treatment, but different formulations of herbicides resulted in a significant decrease in the density and dry weight of weeds. Reduction in the density and dry weight of weeds by different herbicide formulations was lower in the presence of biofertilizer. The results showed that the application of ultrasounded trifloralin + zein resulted in a significant decrease of 52.34 and 52.66% in the dry weight and density of total weeds compared to the control respectively. baxsed on the results of this research, the use of biofertilizers by accelerating the decomposition of different formulations of trifloralin reduces its durability and effect on weeds, and therefore increases the damage of weeds and significant reduce in yield and yield components of cumin. On the other hand, sonicating the trifluoralin herbicide and coating it with zein, while reducing its volatility and decomposition by bacteria, increases the durability of the herbicide in the soil and improves weed control and increases yield.
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#Key words: Bacterial colonization #Biofertilizer #Soil applied herbicide #Medicinal plant #Biodegradation Keeping place: Central Library of Shahrood University
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