Abstarct: Cotton is one of the major agricultural products and the most important source of natural lindens. This product in the fields and the stages of its transformation into industries due to the added value that it creates high employment, therefore, plays an important role in the development of the economies of the countries. In order to evaluate the effect of Calcium chloride and Salicylic acid foliar application on yield and yield components of cotton, a factorial experiment baxsed on randomized complete block design with three replications was performed in Natural Resources Research Center of Sabzevar. Experimental factors were concentration of Salicylic acid at four levels of (Control, 50, 100 and 150 mM) and concentration of Calcium chloride for foliar application in three levels (Control, 1 and 3 in 1000 Liters water). The results showed that Salicylice acid increased leaf chlorophyll index, plant height, number of lateral branches, boll number per square meter, seed weight, oil percentage, nitrogen percentage, seed cotton yield, biological yield and seed yeild compared to no foliar application treatment. Also, application of Calcium chloride decreased seed cotton per boll and weight seed cotton per boll. But, Calcium chloride had no significant effect on leaf chlorophyll index, plant height, number of lateral branches, seed weight, oil percentage, biological yield, Sodium and potassium. According to the results, highest boll number per square meter, seed cotton yield, biological yield and seed yeild are obtained AT foliar application of 150 mM Salicylic acid and 3/1000 Liters water Calcium chloride.