Abstarct: In this study, genetic diversity of 22 genotypes of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) collected from different Asian countries such as China, India, Pakistan, Iraq and iran were evaluated by 15 primers of EST-SSR markers and 10 agro-morphological and seed qualitative traits. Cluster analysis was performed using NTSYSpc2.10 software and UPGMA algorithm for the average standardized ago-morphological, qualitative data and also binary molecular matrix. Genotypes were divided into 6 groups by dendrogeram of agronomic data. Also baxsed on grain quality, genotypes were classified in three groups. A total of 48 alleles with the average of 1 to 6 alleles per locus were generated by 15 primers in molecular studies. 14 primers showed 93.33% polymorphism in PCR reaction. Average alleles size varied from 190 to 750 baxse paires. Genotype were divided into five groups by molecular data analysis. The genetic similarity coefficient calculated by the simple matching (SM) method, ranged from 0.510 to 0.918. The lowest genetic similarity was observed between Chinese and Pakistani genotypes and the highest one was between Punjab 89 and TN234 genotype. Primer Z-45 showed the maximum SI index. The highest value of heterozygosity (0.67) and also the numberof effective alleles (Ne) (2.90) belonged to SEM-434 primer. Due to the high diversity of genotypes in terms of ago-morphological characteristics, quality traits and molecular data, it is recommended modification strategies used to take advantage of this diversity.