QE519 : Mineralogy, geochemistry and genesis of copper- gold mineralizations associated with the Late Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary rocks of the Sabzevar subzone (North of Bardaskan)
Thesis > Central Library of Shahrood University > Geosciences > MSc > 2021
Authors:
[Author], Fardin Mousivand[Supervisor], Habibolah Ghasemi[Advisor]
Abstarct: Abstract Aleghbaei and Sebeh coper-gold deposits, Sebandoon gold and Bijvard (south and north) Mn-Au deposits are located at 26 km of north of Bardeskan in the Sabzevar structural sub zone, occurred in a Late-Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary sequence. The host rock sequence involves 4 lithological units from bottom to top:1- green and red vitric crystal tuff with rhyolitic, rhyodacite composition and alternation of lava with composition of rhyolite to dacite, 2- Lava unit with trachyandesite to andesite-basalt, agglomerate, lapilli tuff and sandy crystal tuff composition. 3-Fossiliferous pelagic limestone with calcareous tuffacous shale, and 4- Lithic crystal tuff with rhyolitic and dacitic composition, alternation of lava with trachyandesite and trachy basalt composition. Mineralization occurred in the units 2 and 3. The first horizon contains Aleghbaei and Sebeh copper-gold deposit occurred at lower parts of the unit 2, as stringer copper veins and to a lesser extent gold. Horizon 2 includes the Sebandoon gold and Bijvard Mn-Au deposits occurred at upper parts of the unit 2 and lower parts of the unit 3. The host rocks of mineralization are mostly comprised of trachy andesite to andesite- basalt, sandy acidic to intermediate tuff, tuffaceous shale and small amount of plagic limestone. baxsed of mineralographic studies, structural and textural, ore mineralogy and host rock types, there are four ore facies in the orebodies, from bottom to top: 1) The vein-veinlet facies or stringer zone cuts the trachyandesite to andesibasalt host rock as stockwork texture.2) The vent complex in Sebandoon and Bijvard Mn-Au deposits shows brecctiated texture containing stringer fragments and variety of sulfidic, oxidic and siliceous minerals. 3) Stratabound massive ore facies as high grade ore occurred in the North Bijvard Mn deposit. This facies does not present in all deposits, and 4) Exhalative-laminated rock facies includes pyrite in the Sebandoon mine as sulfidic laminaes. This facies consist of bands and laminations of sulfide minerals within tuffcious shale, which is overlied by a manganes-rich radiolarian tufaceous laxyer. This facies in the south Bijvard Mn deposit involves alternations of Mn-Fe oxide-hydroxide-rich bands and tuff-chert-rich band, representative precipitation on the seafloor. This facies involves psilomelane and pyrolosite with chloformand blade textures. According to field studies and microscopic mineralography, the variety of ore minerals in Aleghbaei mine consist of chalcopyrite, pyrite and bornite. In the Sebeh deposit, the ores consist of pyrite and chalcopyrite, and ore minerals in the Sebandoon mine are as pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, marcasite, bornite, arsenopyrite, gold and galena. Also at Bijvard Mn-gold mine contains the sulfidic minerals like pyrite at footwall, and iron-Mn oxides like pyrolosite, hematite and magnetite in the stratiform ore. The main alterations include of chloritization, epidotic, silici-sericitiec-carbonatic, and secondary argillic. Geochemical studies and various REE and rare elements diagrams indicant a tholeitic nature for the host rocks and show formation of the rocks in an island arc whitin the Sabzevar back arc extensional basin. baxsed on geochemical results, amount of copper in stringer zone at Aleghbaei is %1.8 and the amount of gold is recorded up to 600 ppb. There is copper mineralization as chalcopyrite in this zone. In Bijvard Mn-gold deposit, the amount of gold is up to 4.5 ppm which is coexisting with pyrite. The Sebandoon deposit contains up to 2.5 ppm gold associated with sulfide minerals in stringer and brecciated ores. According to the geochemical diagrams, the manganese ores plot in the submarine hydrothermal fileds. The manganes horizon at Bijvard deposits is equivalent to the manganese-chert-radiolaria-rich laxyer above the Sebandoon deposit, which indicates formation of these deposits both on the seafloor and subseafloor in the Late Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary basin. baxsed on various evidences including the tectonic environment, host rock sequence, occuring in specific ore horizons, ore facies, orebodies geometry, ore textures, mineralogy, mextal content, mextal zonation, alteration, geochemistry of manganese ores, these deposits are most similar to the Besshi-type or politic-mafic volcanogenic massive sulfide copper-gold deposits.
Keywords:
#Keywords: Copper #gold #manganese #Late Cretaceous #volcano-sedimentary #massive sulfide #Bardaskan Keeping place: Central Library of Shahrood University
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