Abstarct: Landfills are one of the most serious threats to water resources. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of landfill and its adjacent sewage ponds on surface water and groundwater resources in the southeast of Nour City. For this purpose the concentration of nitrate, total organic carbon and total coliform in surface water and groundwater samples were measured. The obtained results indicate that nitrate content is high in all samples of groundwater and surface water resources. Such that the water wells of Izadkhurdeh, Kardgarkala and Bolukzani which are located directly at the downstream of the landfill, include the highest concentrations of nitrate equal to 27.2, 23.5 and 22.4 mg/l, respectively. The amount of nitrate in the lower reach of Hajimahroud River has shown a sharp increase compared to the upstream which is due to the impact of the landfill and sewage ponds adjacent to it. In addition, the high concentration of nitrate in the region can be attributed to vegetation, agricultural activities and the use of fertilizers. Due to the forested area the total organic carbon concentration in all samples is high due to the presence of abundant organic matters in the region. The concentration of total organic carbon in groundwater resources is higher in the Kardgarkala, Bolukzani and Nosratabad water wells than other wells being 82.24, 80.06 and 77.50 mg /l, respectively. It is also observed that the total organic carbon content in the Hajimahroud River at the downstream has increased relative to the upstream of the landfill. The number of coliforms in all samples of groundwater (with the exception of the Bolukzani well) is low. In the Hajimahroud River, in the samples of upstream and downstream of landfills, the number of coliforms is high and is 43 (MPN/100 ml) and 1100 (MPN/100 ml), respectively. The reason for the enormous increase in the number of coliforms in the sample of downstream portion of the river is due to the leachate penetration of the landfill into the river.