QE208 : Mineralogy, geochemistry and genesis of the Rabiei Mn deposit Torud, south of Shahrood
Thesis > Central Library of Shahrood University > Geosciences > MSc > 2014
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Abstarct: The Bande-Qichi (Rabiei) manganese-celestite ore deposit is located at 200 km south of Shahrood, 59 km southeast of Toroud village in the magmatic zone of north of Central Iran zone. The major exposed rock units of the stratigraphic sequence in the area include the Eocene andesitic, dacitic, tuffacous volcanic rocks and marl. baxsed on textural and mineralogical studies, three ore facies were observed in the deposit: (1) The lower facies as vein-veinlets (stringer zone) within the volcanic (andesitic and dacitic) rocks, (2) the middle facies as breccia-massive within volcanic breccias and marl, and (3) the upper facies as stratiform (laxyered, bedded and lenticular) within tuff breccias, peperites and marls. The stratiform facies was divided into two parts: manganese-rich and celestite-rich. The manganese-rich part within volcanic breccias, peperites and marls overlies vein-veinlet ore facies, and the celestite-rich part is located within the same marls farther away from the former part.
baxsed on petrographical, x-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron probe micro analysis (EPMA), the ore mineralogy in the aforementioned ore facies dominantly includes pyrolusite, psylomelane and celestite, and rarely cryptomelane and hollandite. The gangue minerals are dominated by chlorite, sericite, gypsum, barite and clay minerals. Structures and textures of the ores in the manganese-rich stratiform part are dominantly banded, laminated and disseminated; and in the celestite-rich part is as lens-shape, colloform and banded, open space-fillings and zebra, and in the vein-veinlet and breccia-massive facies are as veins, brecciated, open-space fillings and disseminated. Major alterations in the deposit are argillic-sericitic at center surrounded by chlorite alteration.
baxsed on the geochemical studies, this deposit contains high amounts of Mn/Fe, La/Ce, U/Th and Si/Al ratios; and the values of Co/Zn, trace elements such as Ni and Cu and rare earth elements (REE), especially Ce, Sm, and Eu are low in the manganese ores. Also, negative Eu anomalies in the manganese-rich part indicates that the ore deposition environment was oxidic. The geochemical characteristics of the volcanic rocks show that these rocks have andesitic and dacitic compositions and calc-alkaline nature that indicates an island arc environment for their deposition.
Fluid inclusions on celestite mineral indicates that temperature of homogenization and salinity of the fluid from the stringer zone and the celestite-rich stratiformore , are 290 ̊c and 5/9 wt% NaCl equivalent; and 350 ̊c and 6/5 wt% NaCl equivalent, respectively.
The Bande-Qichi manganese-celestite ore deposit shows many similarities to the volcanic-sedimentary or exhalative manganese deposits of Cuban-type, in various aspects including geology, tectonic setting, host and associated rocks, geometry of ore bodies, textures and structures, mineralogy, geochemistry and alteration patterns. However it differs from the Cuban-type in a few characters such as very high amounts of strontium and containing celestite. It should be noted that any similar mineralization in some characteristics and economic value of both of the manganese- and celestite-rich parts, has not yet been reported in Iran and through the world.
Keywords:
#Manganese #celestite #volcano-sedimentary #Eocene #Cuban-type #Bande Qichi (Rabiei)
Keeping place: Central Library of Shahrood University
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Keeping place: Central Library of Shahrood University
Visitor: