Abstarct: In this study, a simple and reliable method is proposed for rapid and selective extraction and determination of the trace levels of Pd2+ ions by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) preconcentraton and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) detection. In this approach, 2-mercaptobenzimidazole (MBI) was used as a chelating agent that forms a stable and hydrophobic complex with palladium(II) ions. Acetone and chloroform were selected as the disperser and extraction solvents, respectively. The effects of parameters such as pH, type and volume of buffer, type and volume of extraction solvent, type and volume of disperser solvent, ligand concentration, extraction time, centrifugation time and ionic strength were investigated and optimized. Also, the effects of interfering ions were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, a linear calibration curve was achieved in the range of 15-1100 μgL-1, with the detection limit of 8 µgL-1 and enrichment factor of 20.7 were achieved. The relative standard deviations for six replicate determinations of 0.020, 0.050, 0.20, o.50 and 0.90 mgL-1 of palladium(II) were 4.8, 2.9, 0.91, 0.42 and 0.26 %, respectively. This method was successfully applied for determination of palladium(II) ions in the water, soil and food samples.