Abstarct: In this thesis, pure and Fe doped- Bi2S3 nanopowder with different atomic percentages (12/5%, 25% and 50%) were prepared by hydrothermal method. To investigate the structural properties of the samples, the X-ray diffraction measurements (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy, to investigate the surface morphology of the samples, the FESEM device and the composition of the samples, the EDAX device were used. The optical properties of the samples were studied UV-Vis spectrophotometer in the wavelength range of 300-1100 nm and the Hall test were used the electrical properties.To study the pure specimens were synthesized with at 10, 12and 15 hours heat treat ment. Study of the XRD spectra of the pure and Fe doped samples showed the formation of the orthorhombic structure of Bi2S3. FESEM images of the pure and Fe doped Bi2S3 nanoparticles showed consist of nanorods-like structures. The calculated band gap values of the sample showed increase with increasing heating times. The recorded Raman peaks for the Fe doped Bi2S3 samples showed slight shift compared to the pure sample. The band gap values for Fe doped samples increased with increasing iron concentration. EDX analysis results showed that the main elements of the Bi2S3 composition, Bi, S and Fe, are present in the spectra. The investigation of the electrical properties showed that the Fe doped samples with 12.5% iron is n-type and samples with 25% and 50% iron is p-type semiconductor.