Abstarct: Reducing uncertainty has been one of the main concerns of individuals and legal entities، and therefore effective risk management seems necessary. The risk of an investment refers to the deviation of the actual return from the expected return. In general، risk is divided into two general categories: systematic risk and unsystematic risk. Now the question arises as to what are the factors that determine risk and how much their impact is. So far، many studies have been conducted in the field of risk and factors affecting it، and in many cases researchers have reached opposite results. This research has analyzed various studies in the field of risk and its determinants with a mexta-analytical approach، and by combining and analyzing the results of previous studies، it has reached a conclusion about the determinants of systematic risk and special risk and the effect size of these factors. Systematic risk determinants whose significance was proven in the order of the largest effect of equity market value، ratio of intangible assets to total assets، earnings per share، loan-to-asset ratio، size، loan loss ratio، ratio of market value to Book value، operating productivity، operating leverage، off-balance sheet liabilities ratio، liquidity، return on assets، leverage، business risk and operational risk were also the determining factors of special risk whose significance was proven in the order of the largest effect of gross production. National، foreign borrowing health index، non-corruption degree، currency stability، uncertainty avoidance، stock market return، trading volume، information disclosure، liquidity، size، market power، leverage، price-to-earnings ratio، cash return and return momentum.