Abstarct: Abstract The prime purpose of this study is to measure and compare the social welfare index of different provinces and investigate the effect of macroeconomic variables on the level of the social welfare index during the years 2006 to 2018. The artificial composite social welfare index (AC-SWI) had used to compare the social welfare index of the provinces due to the multidimensionality of the social welfare index. The level of community health, the level of social support, the physical environment of life, the state of work and employment, the level of knowledge and cognition (education), the level of income and wealth, leisure, and recreation are the main dimensions or components of social welfare index. Construct the AC-SWI done in two stages with Pena's P2-Distance approach and R software. In the first stage, the indicators (or sub-components) that make up each component of AC-SWI had aggregated. In the second step, indices of the main ingredients of AC-SWI have aggregated. The results of comparing the welfare status of the provinces during the research period show that the social welfare index of Sistan-Baluchestan province had the highest increase. But the social welfare index of Yazd province had the highest decrease. The position of provinces of Yazd, Semnan, and Ilam being at the bottom of the social welfare ranking table in 1397, and rank of provinces of Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Khuzestan, and Golestan is at the top of the ranking table. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the estimated AC-SWI shows that the provincial fixed effects and the calendar effects of the change of year on the level of the welfare index are significant. Furthermore, the obtained results from estimation of the parameters of the research regression model show that the effects of variables such as provincial value-added, exchange rate, interest rate, level of consumer prices on the social welfare index are significant.