Abstarct: Publishing books is one of the most important indicators of intellectual and spiritual growth in any country. Publishing as a cultural activity is one of the main arteries of a dynamic and developing society. Also, one of the most important goals of the Islamic Revolution is to improve the quality of the cultural and intellectual life of Iranian society. Hence, governments and cultural institutions are trying to expand book publishing in the country. Leading research has examined the economic variables affecting book publishing in Iran between 1357 and1398. The research data was estimated using Eviews software and a Panel data model. The results show that the variables of the inflation rate, exchange rate, gender composition of the population, and interest rate have a significant and negative effect on book publishing. Literacy rate, paper price, total population have positive impacts on book publishing and, the average population age and income did not affect the publication of books in the country. The results of this study can help the country's cultural policymakers decide the field of book publishing.