Abstarct: Water resources that can be used for irrigation and also less efficiency of water consumption in traditional agricultural systems is one of the limiting factors for farmers in Iran and other parts of the world. Annual sesame is a dicotyledonous plant and is one of the oldest oilseed plants belonging to the Pedaliaceae family and is compatible with warm and semi-warm regions and is known as the queen of oilseed plants. In order to investigate the effect of superabsorbent polymer on yield and growth indices of three factorial sesame cultivars baxsed on a randomized complete block design with 3 replications in Davarzan city And the factors including three cultivars of Dashtestan, Oltan and Bumi Davarzan, use of super absorbent control (50 kg / ha, 100 kg / ha and 150 kg / ha) were implemented. In this experiment, plant height, grain yield of yield components, as well as biological yield, harvest index, oil percentage, protein percentage, chlorophyll a and b content, proline content, catalase enzyme, peroxidase enzyme were measured. The results of analysis of variance showed that the interaction of superabsorbent and cultivar on the number of capsules per plant, biological yield, harvest index, chlorophyll a and b concentration, peroxidase enzyme were significant, while the interaction of superabsorbent and cultivar on protein percentage, oil content, proline content , Economic performance and enzyme catalase are not significant. Also, the effect of superabsorbent and cultivar on grain yield, protein percentage and catalase enzyme is significant. In general, by using advanced methods such as the use of modified sesame cultivars with high yield and quality characteristics and the use of superabsorbents to maintain and store soil moisture and increase water use efficiency can be an effective step towards the production of oilseeds and oil With the appropriate quality required by the country.